File | /opt/wise/lib/perl5/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Time/HiRes.pm | Statements Executed | 30 | Total Time | 0.000818 seconds |
Calls | P | F | Exclusive Time |
Inclusive Time |
Subroutine | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 2 | 2 | 0.00020 | 0.00039 | Time::HiRes:: | import |
1 | 1 | 1 | 6.5e-5 | 7.6e-5 | Time::HiRes:: | tv_interval |
2 | 1 | 2 | 6.4e-5 | 6.4e-5 | Time::HiRes:: | bootstrap (xsub) |
3 | 2 | 3 | 3.2e-5 | 3.2e-5 | Time::HiRes:: | gettimeofday (xsub) |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Time::HiRes:: | AUTOLOAD |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Time::HiRes:: | BEGIN |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | Time::HiRes:: | __ANON__[:43] |
Line | Stmts. | Exclusive Time | Avg. | Code |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | package Time::HiRes; | |||
2 | ||||
3 | 3 | 3.2e-5 | 1.1e-5 | use strict; # spent 9µs making 1 call to strict::import |
4 | 3 | 0.00017 | 5.8e-5 | use vars qw($VERSION $XS_VERSION @ISA @EXPORT @EXPORT_OK $AUTOLOAD); # spent 85µs making 1 call to vars::import |
5 | ||||
6 | 1 | 1.0e-6 | 1.0e-6 | require Exporter; |
7 | 1 | 0.00018 | 0.00018 | require DynaLoader; |
8 | ||||
9 | 1 | 8.0e-6 | 8.0e-6 | @ISA = qw(Exporter DynaLoader); |
10 | ||||
11 | 1 | 1.0e-6 | 1.0e-6 | @EXPORT = qw( ); |
12 | 1 | 8.0e-6 | 8.0e-6 | @EXPORT_OK = qw (usleep sleep ualarm alarm gettimeofday time tv_interval |
13 | getitimer setitimer nanosleep clock_gettime clock_getres | |||
14 | clock clock_nanosleep | |||
15 | CLOCK_HIGHRES CLOCK_MONOTONIC CLOCK_PROCESS_CPUTIME_ID | |||
16 | CLOCK_REALTIME CLOCK_SOFTTIME CLOCK_THREAD_CPUTIME_ID | |||
17 | CLOCK_TIMEOFDAY CLOCKS_PER_SEC | |||
18 | ITIMER_REAL ITIMER_VIRTUAL ITIMER_PROF ITIMER_REALPROF | |||
19 | TIMER_ABSTIME | |||
20 | d_usleep d_ualarm d_gettimeofday d_getitimer d_setitimer | |||
21 | d_nanosleep d_clock_gettime d_clock_getres | |||
22 | d_clock d_clock_nanosleep | |||
23 | stat | |||
24 | ); | |||
25 | ||||
26 | 1 | 0 | 0 | $VERSION = '1.9711'; |
27 | 1 | 1.0e-6 | 1.0e-6 | $XS_VERSION = $VERSION; |
28 | 1 | 2.3e-5 | 2.3e-5 | $VERSION = eval $VERSION; |
29 | ||||
30 | sub AUTOLOAD { | |||
31 | my $constname; | |||
32 | ($constname = $AUTOLOAD) =~ s/.*:://; | |||
33 | # print "AUTOLOAD: constname = $constname ($AUTOLOAD)\n"; | |||
34 | die "&Time::HiRes::constant not defined" if $constname eq 'constant'; | |||
35 | my ($error, $val) = constant($constname); | |||
36 | # print "AUTOLOAD: error = $error, val = $val\n"; | |||
37 | if ($error) { | |||
38 | my (undef,$file,$line) = caller; | |||
39 | die "$error at $file line $line.\n"; | |||
40 | } | |||
41 | { | |||
42 | 3 | 0.00029 | 9.8e-5 | no strict 'refs'; # spent 24µs making 1 call to strict::unimport |
43 | *$AUTOLOAD = sub { $val }; | |||
44 | } | |||
45 | goto &$AUTOLOAD; | |||
46 | } | |||
47 | ||||
48 | # spent 392µs (204+188) within Time::HiRes::import which was called 2 times, avg 196µs/call:
# once (130µs+135µs) at line 20 of /wise/base/deliv/dev/lib/perl/WISE/Spawn.pm
# once (74µs+53µs) at line 269 of /wise/base/deliv/dev/bin/getfix | |||
49 | 6 | 2.4e-5 | 4.0e-6 | my $this = shift; |
50 | for my $i (@_) { | |||
51 | 2 | 5.0e-6 | 2.5e-6 | if (($i eq 'clock_getres' && !&d_clock_getres) || |
52 | ($i eq 'clock_gettime' && !&d_clock_gettime) || | |||
53 | ($i eq 'clock_nanosleep' && !&d_clock_nanosleep) || | |||
54 | ($i eq 'clock' && !&d_clock) || | |||
55 | ($i eq 'nanosleep' && !&d_nanosleep) || | |||
56 | ($i eq 'usleep' && !&d_usleep) || | |||
57 | ($i eq 'ualarm' && !&d_ualarm)) { | |||
58 | require Carp; | |||
59 | Carp::croak("Time::HiRes::$i(): unimplemented in this platform"); | |||
60 | } | |||
61 | } | |||
62 | Time::HiRes->export_to_level(1, $this, @_); # spent 66µs making 2 calls to Exporter::export_to_level, avg 33µs/call | |||
63 | } | |||
64 | ||||
65 | 1 | 1.2e-5 | 1.2e-5 | bootstrap Time::HiRes; # spent 2.33ms making 1 call to DynaLoader::bootstrap |
66 | ||||
67 | # Preloaded methods go here. | |||
68 | ||||
69 | # spent 76µs (65+11) within Time::HiRes::tv_interval which was called
# once (65µs+11µs) at line 1056 of /wise/base/deliv/dev/bin/getfix | |||
70 | # probably could have been done in C | |||
71 | 3 | 3.4e-5 | 1.1e-5 | my ($a, $b) = @_; |
72 | $b = [gettimeofday()] unless defined($b); # spent 11µs making 1 call to Time::HiRes::gettimeofday | |||
73 | (${$b}[0] - ${$a}[0]) + ((${$b}[1] - ${$a}[1]) / 1_000_000); | |||
74 | } | |||
75 | ||||
76 | # Autoload methods go after =cut, and are processed by the autosplit program. | |||
77 | ||||
78 | 1 | 1.8e-5 | 1.8e-5 | 1; |
79 | __END__ | |||
80 | ||||
81 | =head1 NAME | |||
82 | ||||
83 | Time::HiRes - High resolution alarm, sleep, gettimeofday, interval timers | |||
84 | ||||
85 | =head1 SYNOPSIS | |||
86 | ||||
87 | use Time::HiRes qw( usleep ualarm gettimeofday tv_interval nanosleep | |||
88 | clock_gettime clock_getres clock_nanosleep clock | |||
89 | stat ); | |||
90 | ||||
91 | usleep ($microseconds); | |||
92 | nanosleep ($nanoseconds); | |||
93 | ||||
94 | ualarm ($microseconds); | |||
95 | ualarm ($microseconds, $interval_microseconds); | |||
96 | ||||
97 | $t0 = [gettimeofday]; | |||
98 | ($seconds, $microseconds) = gettimeofday; | |||
99 | ||||
100 | $elapsed = tv_interval ( $t0, [$seconds, $microseconds]); | |||
101 | $elapsed = tv_interval ( $t0, [gettimeofday]); | |||
102 | $elapsed = tv_interval ( $t0 ); | |||
103 | ||||
104 | use Time::HiRes qw ( time alarm sleep ); | |||
105 | ||||
106 | $now_fractions = time; | |||
107 | sleep ($floating_seconds); | |||
108 | alarm ($floating_seconds); | |||
109 | alarm ($floating_seconds, $floating_interval); | |||
110 | ||||
111 | use Time::HiRes qw( setitimer getitimer ); | |||
112 | ||||
113 | setitimer ($which, $floating_seconds, $floating_interval ); | |||
114 | getitimer ($which); | |||
115 | ||||
116 | use Time::HiRes qw( clock_gettime clock_getres clock_nanosleep | |||
117 | ITIMER_REAL ITIMER_VIRTUAL ITIMER_PROF ITIMER_REALPROF ); | |||
118 | ||||
119 | $realtime = clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME); | |||
120 | $resolution = clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME); | |||
121 | ||||
122 | clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, 1.5e9); | |||
123 | clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, time()*1e9 + 10e9, TIMER_ABSTIME); | |||
124 | ||||
125 | my $ticktock = clock(); | |||
126 | ||||
127 | use Time::HiRes qw( stat ); | |||
128 | ||||
129 | my @stat = stat("file"); | |||
130 | my @stat = stat(FH); | |||
131 | ||||
132 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |||
133 | ||||
134 | The C<Time::HiRes> module implements a Perl interface to the | |||
135 | C<usleep>, C<nanosleep>, C<ualarm>, C<gettimeofday>, and | |||
136 | C<setitimer>/C<getitimer> system calls, in other words, high | |||
137 | resolution time and timers. See the L</EXAMPLES> section below and the | |||
138 | test scripts for usage; see your system documentation for the | |||
139 | description of the underlying C<nanosleep> or C<usleep>, C<ualarm>, | |||
140 | C<gettimeofday>, and C<setitimer>/C<getitimer> calls. | |||
141 | ||||
142 | If your system lacks C<gettimeofday()> or an emulation of it you don't | |||
143 | get C<gettimeofday()> or the one-argument form of C<tv_interval()>. | |||
144 | If your system lacks all of C<nanosleep()>, C<usleep()>, | |||
145 | C<select()>, and C<poll>, you don't get C<Time::HiRes::usleep()>, | |||
146 | C<Time::HiRes::nanosleep()>, or C<Time::HiRes::sleep()>. | |||
147 | If your system lacks both C<ualarm()> and C<setitimer()> you don't get | |||
148 | C<Time::HiRes::ualarm()> or C<Time::HiRes::alarm()>. | |||
149 | ||||
150 | If you try to import an unimplemented function in the C<use> statement | |||
151 | it will fail at compile time. | |||
152 | ||||
153 | If your subsecond sleeping is implemented with C<nanosleep()> instead | |||
154 | of C<usleep()>, you can mix subsecond sleeping with signals since | |||
155 | C<nanosleep()> does not use signals. This, however, is not portable, | |||
156 | and you should first check for the truth value of | |||
157 | C<&Time::HiRes::d_nanosleep> to see whether you have nanosleep, and | |||
158 | then carefully read your C<nanosleep()> C API documentation for any | |||
159 | peculiarities. | |||
160 | ||||
161 | If you are using C<nanosleep> for something else than mixing sleeping | |||
162 | with signals, give some thought to whether Perl is the tool you should | |||
163 | be using for work requiring nanosecond accuracies. | |||
164 | ||||
165 | Remember that unless you are working on a I<hard realtime> system, | |||
166 | any clocks and timers will be imprecise, especially so if you are working | |||
167 | in a pre-emptive multiuser system. Understand the difference between | |||
168 | I<wallclock time> and process time (in UNIX-like systems the sum of | |||
169 | I<user> and I<system> times). Any attempt to sleep for X seconds will | |||
170 | most probably end up sleeping B<more> than that, but don't be surpised | |||
171 | if you end up sleeping slightly B<less>. | |||
172 | ||||
173 | The following functions can be imported from this module. | |||
174 | No functions are exported by default. | |||
175 | ||||
176 | =over 4 | |||
177 | ||||
178 | =item gettimeofday () | |||
179 | ||||
180 | In array context returns a two-element array with the seconds and | |||
181 | microseconds since the epoch. In scalar context returns floating | |||
182 | seconds like C<Time::HiRes::time()> (see below). | |||
183 | ||||
184 | =item usleep ( $useconds ) | |||
185 | ||||
186 | Sleeps for the number of microseconds (millionths of a second) | |||
187 | specified. Returns the number of microseconds actually slept. | |||
188 | Can sleep for more than one second, unlike the C<usleep> system call. | |||
189 | Can also sleep for zero seconds, which often works like a I<thread yield>. | |||
190 | See also C<Time::HiRes::usleep()>, C<Time::HiRes::sleep()>, and | |||
191 | C<Time::HiRes::clock_nanosleep()>. | |||
192 | ||||
193 | Do not expect usleep() to be exact down to one microsecond. | |||
194 | ||||
195 | =item nanosleep ( $nanoseconds ) | |||
196 | ||||
197 | Sleeps for the number of nanoseconds (1e9ths of a second) specified. | |||
198 | Returns the number of nanoseconds actually slept (accurate only to | |||
199 | microseconds, the nearest thousand of them). Can sleep for more than | |||
200 | one second. Can also sleep for zero seconds, which often works like | |||
201 | a I<thread yield>. See also C<Time::HiRes::sleep()>, | |||
202 | C<Time::HiRes::usleep()>, and C<Time::HiRes::clock_nanosleep()>. | |||
203 | ||||
204 | Do not expect nanosleep() to be exact down to one nanosecond. | |||
205 | Getting even accuracy of one thousand nanoseconds is good. | |||
206 | ||||
207 | =item ualarm ( $useconds [, $interval_useconds ] ) | |||
208 | ||||
209 | Issues a C<ualarm> call; the C<$interval_useconds> is optional and | |||
210 | will be zero if unspecified, resulting in C<alarm>-like behaviour. | |||
211 | ||||
212 | ualarm(0) will cancel an outstanding ualarm(). | |||
213 | ||||
214 | Note that the interaction between alarms and sleeps is unspecified. | |||
215 | ||||
216 | =item tv_interval | |||
217 | ||||
218 | tv_interval ( $ref_to_gettimeofday [, $ref_to_later_gettimeofday] ) | |||
219 | ||||
220 | Returns the floating seconds between the two times, which should have | |||
221 | been returned by C<gettimeofday()>. If the second argument is omitted, | |||
222 | then the current time is used. | |||
223 | ||||
224 | =item time () | |||
225 | ||||
226 | Returns a floating seconds since the epoch. This function can be | |||
227 | imported, resulting in a nice drop-in replacement for the C<time> | |||
228 | provided with core Perl; see the L</EXAMPLES> below. | |||
229 | ||||
230 | B<NOTE 1>: This higher resolution timer can return values either less | |||
231 | or more than the core C<time()>, depending on whether your platform | |||
232 | rounds the higher resolution timer values up, down, or to the nearest second | |||
233 | to get the core C<time()>, but naturally the difference should be never | |||
234 | more than half a second. See also L</clock_getres>, if available | |||
235 | in your system. | |||
236 | ||||
237 | B<NOTE 2>: Since Sunday, September 9th, 2001 at 01:46:40 AM GMT, when | |||
238 | the C<time()> seconds since epoch rolled over to 1_000_000_000, the | |||
239 | default floating point format of Perl and the seconds since epoch have | |||
240 | conspired to produce an apparent bug: if you print the value of | |||
241 | C<Time::HiRes::time()> you seem to be getting only five decimals, not | |||
242 | six as promised (microseconds). Not to worry, the microseconds are | |||
243 | there (assuming your platform supports such granularity in the first | |||
244 | place). What is going on is that the default floating point format of | |||
245 | Perl only outputs 15 digits. In this case that means ten digits | |||
246 | before the decimal separator and five after. To see the microseconds | |||
247 | you can use either C<printf>/C<sprintf> with C<"%.6f">, or the | |||
248 | C<gettimeofday()> function in list context, which will give you the | |||
249 | seconds and microseconds as two separate values. | |||
250 | ||||
251 | =item sleep ( $floating_seconds ) | |||
252 | ||||
253 | Sleeps for the specified amount of seconds. Returns the number of | |||
254 | seconds actually slept (a floating point value). This function can | |||
255 | be imported, resulting in a nice drop-in replacement for the C<sleep> | |||
256 | provided with perl, see the L</EXAMPLES> below. | |||
257 | ||||
258 | Note that the interaction between alarms and sleeps is unspecified. | |||
259 | ||||
260 | =item alarm ( $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ) | |||
261 | ||||
262 | The C<SIGALRM> signal is sent after the specified number of seconds. | |||
263 | Implemented using C<ualarm()>. The C<$interval_floating_seconds> argument | |||
264 | is optional and will be zero if unspecified, resulting in C<alarm()>-like | |||
265 | behaviour. This function can be imported, resulting in a nice drop-in | |||
266 | replacement for the C<alarm> provided with perl, see the L</EXAMPLES> below. | |||
267 | ||||
268 | B<NOTE 1>: With some combinations of operating systems and Perl | |||
269 | releases C<SIGALRM> restarts C<select()>, instead of interrupting it. | |||
270 | This means that an C<alarm()> followed by a C<select()> may together | |||
271 | take the sum of the times specified for the the C<alarm()> and the | |||
272 | C<select()>, not just the time of the C<alarm()>. | |||
273 | ||||
274 | Note that the interaction between alarms and sleeps is unspecified. | |||
275 | ||||
276 | =item setitimer ( $which, $floating_seconds [, $interval_floating_seconds ] ) | |||
277 | ||||
278 | Start up an interval timer: after a certain time, a signal ($which) arrives, | |||
279 | and more signals may keep arriving at certain intervals. To disable | |||
280 | an "itimer", use C<$floating_seconds> of zero. If the | |||
281 | C<$interval_floating_seconds> is set to zero (or unspecified), the | |||
282 | timer is disabled B<after> the next delivered signal. | |||
283 | ||||
284 | Use of interval timers may interfere with C<alarm()>, C<sleep()>, | |||
285 | and C<usleep()>. In standard-speak the "interaction is unspecified", | |||
286 | which means that I<anything> may happen: it may work, it may not. | |||
287 | ||||
288 | In scalar context, the remaining time in the timer is returned. | |||
289 | ||||
290 | In list context, both the remaining time and the interval are returned. | |||
291 | ||||
292 | There are usually three or four interval timers (signals) available: the | |||
293 | C<$which> can be C<ITIMER_REAL>, C<ITIMER_VIRTUAL>, C<ITIMER_PROF>, or | |||
294 | C<ITIMER_REALPROF>. Note that which ones are available depends: true | |||
295 | UNIX platforms usually have the first three, but (for example) Win32 | |||
296 | and Cygwin have only C<ITIMER_REAL>, and only Solaris seems to have | |||
297 | C<ITIMER_REALPROF> (which is used to profile multithreaded programs). | |||
298 | ||||
299 | C<ITIMER_REAL> results in C<alarm()>-like behaviour. Time is counted in | |||
300 | I<real time>; that is, wallclock time. C<SIGALRM> is delivered when | |||
301 | the timer expires. | |||
302 | ||||
303 | C<ITIMER_VIRTUAL> counts time in (process) I<virtual time>; that is, | |||
304 | only when the process is running. In multiprocessor/user/CPU systems | |||
305 | this may be more or less than real or wallclock time. (This time is | |||
306 | also known as the I<user time>.) C<SIGVTALRM> is delivered when the | |||
307 | timer expires. | |||
308 | ||||
309 | C<ITIMER_PROF> counts time when either the process virtual time or when | |||
310 | the operating system is running on behalf of the process (such as I/O). | |||
311 | (This time is also known as the I<system time>.) (The sum of user | |||
312 | time and system time is known as the I<CPU time>.) C<SIGPROF> is | |||
313 | delivered when the timer expires. C<SIGPROF> can interrupt system calls. | |||
314 | ||||
315 | The semantics of interval timers for multithreaded programs are | |||
316 | system-specific, and some systems may support additional interval | |||
317 | timers. For example, it is unspecified which thread gets the signals. | |||
318 | See your C<setitimer()> documentation. | |||
319 | ||||
320 | =item getitimer ( $which ) | |||
321 | ||||
322 | Return the remaining time in the interval timer specified by C<$which>. | |||
323 | ||||
324 | In scalar context, the remaining time is returned. | |||
325 | ||||
326 | In list context, both the remaining time and the interval are returned. | |||
327 | The interval is always what you put in using C<setitimer()>. | |||
328 | ||||
329 | =item clock_gettime ( $which ) | |||
330 | ||||
331 | Return as seconds the current value of the POSIX high resolution timer | |||
332 | specified by C<$which>. All implementations that support POSIX high | |||
333 | resolution timers are supposed to support at least the C<$which> value | |||
334 | of C<CLOCK_REALTIME>, which is supposed to return results close to the | |||
335 | results of C<gettimeofday>, or the number of seconds since 00:00:00:00 | |||
336 | January 1, 1970 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Do not assume that | |||
337 | CLOCK_REALTIME is zero, it might be one, or something else. | |||
338 | Another potentially useful (but not available everywhere) value is | |||
339 | C<CLOCK_MONOTONIC>, which guarantees a monotonically increasing time | |||
340 | value (unlike time(), which can be adjusted). See your system | |||
341 | documentation for other possibly supported values. | |||
342 | ||||
343 | =item clock_getres ( $which ) | |||
344 | ||||
345 | Return as seconds the resolution of the POSIX high resolution timer | |||
346 | specified by C<$which>. All implementations that support POSIX high | |||
347 | resolution timers are supposed to support at least the C<$which> value | |||
348 | of C<CLOCK_REALTIME>, see L</clock_gettime>. | |||
349 | ||||
350 | =item clock_nanosleep ( $which, $nanoseconds, $flags = 0) | |||
351 | ||||
352 | Sleeps for the number of nanoseconds (1e9ths of a second) specified. | |||
353 | Returns the number of nanoseconds actually slept. The $which is the | |||
354 | "clock id", as with clock_gettime() and clock_getres(). The flags | |||
355 | default to zero but C<TIMER_ABSTIME> can specified (must be exported | |||
356 | explicitly) which means that C<$nanoseconds> is not a time interval | |||
357 | (as is the default) but instead an absolute time. Can sleep for more | |||
358 | than one second. Can also sleep for zero seconds, which often works | |||
359 | like a I<thread yield>. See also C<Time::HiRes::sleep()>, | |||
360 | C<Time::HiRes::usleep()>, and C<Time::HiRes::nanosleep()>. | |||
361 | ||||
362 | Do not expect clock_nanosleep() to be exact down to one nanosecond. | |||
363 | Getting even accuracy of one thousand nanoseconds is good. | |||
364 | ||||
365 | =item clock() | |||
366 | ||||
367 | Return as seconds the I<process time> (user + system time) spent by | |||
368 | the process since the first call to clock() (the definition is B<not> | |||
369 | "since the start of the process", though if you are lucky these times | |||
370 | may be quite close to each other, depending on the system). What this | |||
371 | means is that you probably need to store the result of your first call | |||
372 | to clock(), and subtract that value from the following results of clock(). | |||
373 | ||||
374 | The time returned also includes the process times of the terminated | |||
375 | child processes for which wait() has been executed. This value is | |||
376 | somewhat like the second value returned by the times() of core Perl, | |||
377 | but not necessarily identical. Note that due to backward | |||
378 | compatibility limitations the returned value may wrap around at about | |||
379 | 2147 seconds or at about 36 minutes. | |||
380 | ||||
381 | =item stat | |||
382 | ||||
383 | =item stat FH | |||
384 | ||||
385 | =item stat EXPR | |||
386 | ||||
387 | As L<perlfunc/stat> but with the access/modify/change file timestamps | |||
388 | in subsecond resolution, if the operating system and the filesystem | |||
389 | both support such timestamps. To override the standard stat(): | |||
390 | ||||
391 | use Time::HiRes qw(stat); | |||
392 | ||||
393 | Test for the value of &Time::HiRes::d_hires_stat to find out whether | |||
394 | the operating system supports subsecond file timestamps: a value | |||
395 | larger than zero means yes. There are unfortunately no easy | |||
396 | ways to find out whether the filesystem supports such timestamps. | |||
397 | UNIX filesystems often do; NTFS does; FAT doesn't (FAT timestamp | |||
398 | granularity is B<two> seconds). | |||
399 | ||||
400 | A zero return value of &Time::HiRes::d_hires_stat means that | |||
401 | Time::HiRes::stat is a no-op passthrough for CORE::stat(), | |||
402 | and therefore the timestamps will stay integers. The same | |||
403 | thing will happen if the filesystem does not do subsecond timestamps, | |||
404 | even if the &Time::HiRes::d_hires_stat is non-zero. | |||
405 | ||||
406 | In any case do not expect nanosecond resolution, or even a microsecond | |||
407 | resolution. Also note that the modify/access timestamps might have | |||
408 | different resolutions, and that they need not be synchronized, e.g. | |||
409 | if the operations are | |||
410 | ||||
411 | write | |||
412 | stat # t1 | |||
413 | read | |||
414 | stat # t2 | |||
415 | ||||
416 | the access time stamp from t2 need not be greater-than the modify | |||
417 | time stamp from t1: it may be equal or I<less>. | |||
418 | ||||
419 | =back | |||
420 | ||||
421 | =head1 EXAMPLES | |||
422 | ||||
423 | use Time::HiRes qw(usleep ualarm gettimeofday tv_interval); | |||
424 | ||||
425 | $microseconds = 750_000; | |||
426 | usleep($microseconds); | |||
427 | ||||
428 | # signal alarm in 2.5s & every .1s thereafter | |||
429 | ualarm(2_500_000, 100_000); | |||
430 | # cancel that ualarm | |||
431 | ualarm(0); | |||
432 | ||||
433 | # get seconds and microseconds since the epoch | |||
434 | ($s, $usec) = gettimeofday(); | |||
435 | ||||
436 | # measure elapsed time | |||
437 | # (could also do by subtracting 2 gettimeofday return values) | |||
438 | $t0 = [gettimeofday]; | |||
439 | # do bunch of stuff here | |||
440 | $t1 = [gettimeofday]; | |||
441 | # do more stuff here | |||
442 | $t0_t1 = tv_interval $t0, $t1; | |||
443 | ||||
444 | $elapsed = tv_interval ($t0, [gettimeofday]); | |||
445 | $elapsed = tv_interval ($t0); # equivalent code | |||
446 | ||||
447 | # | |||
448 | # replacements for time, alarm and sleep that know about | |||
449 | # floating seconds | |||
450 | # | |||
451 | use Time::HiRes; | |||
452 | $now_fractions = Time::HiRes::time; | |||
453 | Time::HiRes::sleep (2.5); | |||
454 | Time::HiRes::alarm (10.6666666); | |||
455 | ||||
456 | use Time::HiRes qw ( time alarm sleep ); | |||
457 | $now_fractions = time; | |||
458 | sleep (2.5); | |||
459 | alarm (10.6666666); | |||
460 | ||||
461 | # Arm an interval timer to go off first at 10 seconds and | |||
462 | # after that every 2.5 seconds, in process virtual time | |||
463 | ||||
464 | use Time::HiRes qw ( setitimer ITIMER_VIRTUAL time ); | |||
465 | ||||
466 | $SIG{VTALRM} = sub { print time, "\n" }; | |||
467 | setitimer(ITIMER_VIRTUAL, 10, 2.5); | |||
468 | ||||
469 | use Time::HiRes qw( clock_gettime clock_getres CLOCK_REALTIME ); | |||
470 | # Read the POSIX high resolution timer. | |||
471 | my $high = clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME); | |||
472 | # But how accurate we can be, really? | |||
473 | my $reso = clock_getres(CLOCK_REALTIME); | |||
474 | ||||
475 | use Time::HiRes qw( clock_nanosleep TIMER_ABSTIME ); | |||
476 | clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, 1e6); | |||
477 | clock_nanosleep(CLOCK_REALTIME, 2e9, TIMER_ABSTIME); | |||
478 | ||||
479 | use Time::HiRes qw( clock ); | |||
480 | my $clock0 = clock(); | |||
481 | ... # Do something. | |||
482 | my $clock1 = clock(); | |||
483 | my $clockd = $clock1 - $clock0; | |||
484 | ||||
485 | use Time::HiRes qw( stat ); | |||
486 | my ($atime, $mtime, $ctime) = (stat("istics"))[8, 9, 10]; | |||
487 | ||||
488 | =head1 C API | |||
489 | ||||
490 | In addition to the perl API described above, a C API is available for | |||
491 | extension writers. The following C functions are available in the | |||
492 | modglobal hash: | |||
493 | ||||
494 | name C prototype | |||
495 | --------------- ---------------------- | |||
496 | Time::NVtime double (*)() | |||
497 | Time::U2time void (*)(pTHX_ UV ret[2]) | |||
498 | ||||
499 | Both functions return equivalent information (like C<gettimeofday>) | |||
500 | but with different representations. The names C<NVtime> and C<U2time> | |||
501 | were selected mainly because they are operating system independent. | |||
502 | (C<gettimeofday> is Unix-centric, though some platforms like Win32 and | |||
503 | VMS have emulations for it.) | |||
504 | ||||
505 | Here is an example of using C<NVtime> from C: | |||
506 | ||||
507 | double (*myNVtime)(); /* Returns -1 on failure. */ | |||
508 | SV **svp = hv_fetch(PL_modglobal, "Time::NVtime", 12, 0); | |||
509 | if (!svp) croak("Time::HiRes is required"); | |||
510 | if (!SvIOK(*svp)) croak("Time::NVtime isn't a function pointer"); | |||
511 | myNVtime = INT2PTR(double(*)(), SvIV(*svp)); | |||
512 | printf("The current time is: %f\n", (*myNVtime)()); | |||
513 | ||||
514 | =head1 DIAGNOSTICS | |||
515 | ||||
516 | =head2 useconds or interval more than ... | |||
517 | ||||
518 | In ualarm() you tried to use number of microseconds or interval (also | |||
519 | in microseconds) more than 1_000_000 and setitimer() is not available | |||
520 | in your system to emulate that case. | |||
521 | ||||
522 | =head2 negative time not invented yet | |||
523 | ||||
524 | You tried to use a negative time argument. | |||
525 | ||||
526 | =head2 internal error: useconds < 0 (unsigned ... signed ...) | |||
527 | ||||
528 | Something went horribly wrong-- the number of microseconds that cannot | |||
529 | become negative just became negative. Maybe your compiler is broken? | |||
530 | ||||
531 | =head1 CAVEATS | |||
532 | ||||
533 | Notice that the core C<time()> maybe rounding rather than truncating. | |||
534 | What this means is that the core C<time()> may be reporting the time | |||
535 | as one second later than C<gettimeofday()> and C<Time::HiRes::time()>. | |||
536 | ||||
537 | Adjusting the system clock (either manually or by services like ntp) | |||
538 | may cause problems, especially for long running programs that assume | |||
539 | a monotonously increasing time (note that all platforms do not adjust | |||
540 | time as gracefully as UNIX ntp does). For example in Win32 (and derived | |||
541 | platforms like Cygwin and MinGW) the Time::HiRes::time() may temporarily | |||
542 | drift off from the system clock (and the original time()) by up to 0.5 | |||
543 | seconds. Time::HiRes will notice this eventually and recalibrate. | |||
544 | Note that since Time::HiRes 1.77 the clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC) | |||
545 | might help in this (in case your system supports CLOCK_MONOTONIC). | |||
546 | ||||
547 | =head1 SEE ALSO | |||
548 | ||||
549 | Perl modules L<BSD::Resource>, L<Time::TAI64>. | |||
550 | ||||
551 | Your system documentation for C<clock>, C<clock_gettime>, | |||
552 | C<clock_getres>, C<clock_nanosleep>, C<clock_settime>, C<getitimer>, | |||
553 | C<gettimeofday>, C<setitimer>, C<sleep>, C<stat>, C<ualarm>. | |||
554 | ||||
555 | =head1 AUTHORS | |||
556 | ||||
557 | D. Wegscheid <wegscd@whirlpool.com> | |||
558 | R. Schertler <roderick@argon.org> | |||
559 | J. Hietaniemi <jhi@iki.fi> | |||
560 | G. Aas <gisle@aas.no> | |||
561 | ||||
562 | =head1 COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE | |||
563 | ||||
564 | Copyright (c) 1996-2002 Douglas E. Wegscheid. All rights reserved. | |||
565 | ||||
566 | Copyright (c) 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007 Jarkko Hietaniemi. All rights reserved. | |||
567 | ||||
568 | This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify | |||
569 | it under the same terms as Perl itself. | |||
570 | ||||
571 | =cut | |||
# spent 64µs within Time::HiRes::bootstrap which was called
# once (64µs+0) by DynaLoader::bootstrap at line 226 of /opt/wise/lib/perl5/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/DynaLoader.pm | ||||
# spent 32µs within Time::HiRes::gettimeofday which was called 2 times, avg 16µs/call:
# once (21µs+0) at line 516 of /wise/base/deliv/dev/bin/getfix
# once (11µs+0) by Time::HiRes::tv_interval at line 72 of /opt/wise/lib/perl5/5.10.0/x86_64-linux-thread-multi/Time/HiRes.pm |