With long sweeping arms, the spiral galaxy is among the most beautiful of structures observed in the Cosmos. They come in many shapes and sizes, ranging from the magnificent Andromeda Galaxy (M31), sister to the Milky Way, to the ghostly low surface brightness spirals that inhabit the intergalactic medium. A broad classification scheme divides spirals into "normal" and "barred" types, with sub-classifications beginning with "0", "a", "b", "c", "d" and "m". The highest surface brightness spirals (S0/Sa) typically have prominent nuclear and bulge components, while the grandeur of multiple-spiral-armed galaxies (Sb/Sc) have prominent disks, and finally the lowest surface brightness galaxies (Sd/Sm) have hardly any nuclear/bulge light at all. It still remains a mystery how spirals form and evolve (in the context of the larger Universe), but the Hubble Sequence gives some clue as to how spirals and other kinds of galaxies are related to each other.

Normal Spirals

S0

Sa

Sb

Sc

Sd

Sm


M 86

NGC 4594

M 88

M 83

NGC 300

NGC 4214

NGC 50

M 65

NGC 4565

NGC 5907

M 108

IC 10

Bars

SB0

SBa

SBb

SBc

SBd

SBm


NGC 3371

M 98

NGC 1365

M 108

NGC 2903

NGC 55

M 51b

NGC 4274

NGC 1300

NGC 4945

NGC 4631

NGC 6822

Other interesting spirals


M 51
(Sbc peculiar)

Centaurus A
(E/S0 peculiar)

M 82
(starburst)

NGC 253
(SBc; starburst)

Hurt 1
(Sd?; 2MASS ZoA discovery)

ESO 512-G13
(Sa peculiar)

Links



[Last Updated: 2004 Jan 30; by Tom Jarrett]